Java focuses on code simplicity, and the usage of pointers can make it challenging. Pointer utilization can also cause potential errors.
Moreover, security is also compromised if pointers are used because the users can directly access memory with the help of pointers. Thus, a certain level of abstraction is furnished by not including pointers in Java. Moreover, the usage of pointers can make the procedure of garbage collection quite slow and erroneous. Java makes use of references as these cannot be manipulated, unlike pointers.
Instance variables are those variables that are accessible by all the methods in the class. They are declared outside the methods and inside the class. These variables describe the properties of an object and remain bound to it at any cost. All the objects of the class will have their copy of the variables for utilization. If any modification is done on these variables, then only that instance will be impacted by it, and all other class instances continue to remain unaffected.
Local variables are those variables present within a block, function, or constructor and can be accessed only inside them. The utilization of the variable is restricted to the block scope. Infinite loops are those loops that run infinitely without any breaking conditions.
Some examples of consciously declaring infinite loop is:. Constructor overloading is the process of creating multiple constructors in the class consisting of the same name with a difference in the constructor parameters. Depending upon the number of parameters and their corresponding types, distinguishing of the different types of constructors is done by the compiler. Three constructors are defined here but they differ on the basis of parameter type and their numbers.
In Java, method overloading is made possible by introducing different methods in the same class consisting of the same name. Still, all the functions differ in the number or type of parameters. It takes place inside a class and enhances program readability. The only difference in the return type of the method does not promote method overloading. The following example will furnish you with a clear picture of it. Both the functions have the same name but differ in the number of arguments.
The first method calculates the area of the rectangle, whereas the second method calculates the area of a cuboid. Method overriding is the concept in which two methods having the same method signature are present in two different classes in which an inheritance relationship is present.
A particular method implementation already present in the base class is possible for the derived class by using method overriding. Both class methods have the name walk and the same parameters, distance, and time. If the derived class method is called, then the base class method walk gets overridden by that of the derived class.
Yes, multiple catch blocks can exist but specific approaches should come prior to the general approach because only the first catch block satisfying the catch condition is executed. The given code illustrates the same:. Final: If any restriction is required for classes, variables, or methods, the final keyword comes in handy. Inheritance of a final class and overriding of a final method is restricted by the use of the final keyword.
The variable value becomes fixed after incorporating the final keyword. Finally: It is the block present in a program where all the codes written inside it get executed irrespective of handling of exceptions. Finalize: Prior to the garbage collection of an object, the finalize method is called so that the clean-up activity is implemented.
There can be two or more static methods in a class with the same name but differing input parameters. The main objective of this process is to free up the memory space occupied by the unnecessary and unreachable objects during the Java program execution by deleting those unreachable objects. The statement in the context is completely False.
The static methods have no relevance with the objects, and these methods are of the class level. In the case of a child class, a static method with a method signature exactly like that of the parent class can exist without even throwing any compilation error. The phenomenon mentioned here is popularly known as method hiding, and overriding is certainly not possible.
Private method overriding is unimaginable because the visibility of the private method is restricted to the parent class only. As a result, only hiding can be facilitated and not overriding. Although both HashSet and TreeSet are not synchronized and ensure that duplicates are not present, there are certain properties that distinguish a HashSet from a TreeSet. In Java, a string is basically immutable i.
After its declaration, it continues to stay in the string pool as long as it is not removed in the form of garbage.
In other words, a string resides in the heap section of the memory for an unregulated and unspecified time interval after string value processing is executed.
As a result, vital information can be stolen for pursuing harmful activities by hackers if a memory dump is illegally accessed by them.
Such risks can be eliminated by using mutable objects or structures like character arrays for storing any variable. After the work of the character array variable is done, the variable can be configured to blank at the same instant. Consequently, it helps in saving heap memory and also gives no chance to the hackers to extract vital data.
However, when the object is passed in any method, the address of the value is passed due to the nature of object handling in Java. When an object is passed, a copy of the reference is created by Java and that is passed to the method.
The objects point to the same memory location. StringBuffer is mutable and dynamic in nature whereas String is immutable. Hence, in the cases of a lot of updates, it is always preferred to use StringBuffer as it will reduce the overhead of the creation of multiple String objects in the string pool.
There wouldn't be any compilation error. The program can't compile as the compiler says that the method has been already defined inside the class. When an exception occurs, first it searches to locate the matching catch block. In case, the matching catch block is located, then that block would be executed.
Else, the exception propagates through the method call stack and goes into the caller method where the process of matching the catch block is performed. This propagation happens until the matching catch block is found. If the match is not found, then the program gets terminated in the main method.
No, it is not necessary for a catch block to be present after a try block. If the exceptions likelihood is more, then they should be declared using the throws clause of the method. Yes, the concept can be termed as constructor chaining and can be achieved using this. In the case of ArrayList, data storing in the form of primitive data types like int, float, etc.
Thus, storing of actual objects or non-primitive data types like Integer, Double, etc. However, the same does not apply to the arrays. Object or primitive type values can be stored in arrays in contiguous memory locations, hence every element does not require any reference to the next element. In the above example, inheritance is followed. Now, some modifications are done to the Top class like this:.
If the new implementation of the Top class is followed, a compile-time error is bound to occur in the Bottom class. Incompatible return type is there for the Top. Changes have to be made to either the Top or the Bottom class to ensure compatibility. However, the composition technique can be utilized to solve the given problem:.
When a String is formed as a literal with the assistance of an assignment operator, it makes its way into the String constant pool so that String Interning can take place. This same object in the heap will be referenced by a different String if the content is the same for both of them. The checking function will return true as the same content is referenced by both the variables.
Conversely, when a String formation takes place with the help of a new operator, interning does not take place.
The object gets created in the heap memory even if the same content object is present. The checking function will return false as the same content is not referenced by both the variables. Yes, it is possible for the program to go out of memory in spite of the presence of a garbage collector. Garbage collection assists in recognizing and eliminating those objects which are not required in the program anymore, in order to free up the resources used by them. In a program, if an object is unreachable, then the execution of garbage collection takes place with respect to that object.
If the amount of memory required for creating a new object is not sufficient, then memory is released for those objects which are no longer in the scope with the help of a garbage collector. The memory limit is exceeded for the program when the memory released is not enough for creating new objects. Moreover, exhaustion of the heap memory takes place if objects are created in such a manner that they remain in the scope and consume memory.
The developer should make sure to dereference the object after its work is accomplished. Support Resources. BlackBerry Online Account Support Search the knowledge base, check the status of support cases, download software and manage licenses.
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Certicom Support. BlackBerry Radar Support Access product documentation, contact us and learn about recyling and disposal options. Windows kit , This requires Java to be installed on your computer. Download, unzip, and double-click on openrefine. Mac kit , Download, open, drag icon into the Applications folder and double click on it. You do not need to install Java separately. Linux kit , Download, extract, then type.
This requires Java to be installed on your computer. OpenRefine 3. Other Distributions The following distributions have been customized for a specific usage or integration with other technologies.
Based on OpenRefine. Open Data in Trentino p3-batchrefine BatchRefine adds batch processing capabilities to OpenRefine and support multiple back end including spark SpazioDati RefineOnSpark RefineOnSpark is a driver program to run OpenRefine jobs on the Spark cluster SpazioDati Reconciliation-and-Matching-Framework A framework to allow the matching of string entities using customised sets of transformations and matchers, plus a tool to produce the necessary configurations and another to expose them as OpenRefine reconciliation services.
Ontotext List of Extensions You can install the following extensions to add functionalities to OpenRefine. Labian Gashi 3. Manual PDF. VIB-Bits 3. Go to File in the menu bar and click on the Info present at the left of the panel. Here, click on the Protect Presentation dropdown menu under which you will get an option Encrypt with Password. Click on it to protect the file with a password. Create a password for the file.
It will ask two times to set a password. Now, file is password protected. It will ask for the password whenever you will open it. Note: This password is case-sensitive. If you lost or forget the password, file is not recoverable. Press the F5 key to start the slideshow of a PowerPoint presentation. To exit from the slideshow, use Esc Escape Key. If yes, how? Follow the below step to insert a video: Open the file and go to that slide where you want to insert a video.
Navigate to the Insert tab in menu bar. You will see a Video option at the end of the Insert menu; click on it.
You will get two options: This Device and Online Videos. Choose one of the options to insert a video either from the device or online. Click on the Online Videos that will open a window where copy and paste a link of the video and click on the Insert button give below and add the video to the slide.
You can provide the link of the video either from the YouTube, Facebook, or any other video site. Steps to add a motion path to an object: Select the text or image on which you want to apply the motion path.
Go to the Animation tab in menu bar. Click on the Add Animation with your object. Scroll down and click on the more motion paths. Choose one of them and click on OK to apply it with your selected object. Note: You have to select some object to enable the Animation option inside the Animation tab. If Yes, How? Steps to convert PowerPoint presentation into a video: Go to the File in the menu bar. Click on the Export at the left panel of the PowerPoint.
After selecting the video quality, click on the Create Video button given below to the video quality option. Save the video by a name.
It will take time to export the ppt into a video, depending on the file size. Open the file which you want to make password protected. Enter the password and confirm password to set the password on the selected file. Click on OK at last. If the presenter allows, the remote user can download the presentation as well. Steps to get start Live presentation: Navigate to the Slide Show tab, where you will get the online presentation option. Click on the Present Online option here.
This will lead to the Online Office Presentation Service. Start presenting your presentation to the global audience by sharing its link. Follow the below steps in PowerPoint to add a bookmark in a PowerPoint video: Open the PPT and select the video in which you would like to insert a bookmark.
Go to that section of the video to which you want to make a bookmark. Click on the Playback tab that will be enabled when selecting the video. Inside it, click on the Add Bookmark. Similarly, repeat the above steps to insert more bookmarks to a video.
On your video timeline, the created bookmark will show you. Right-click on the selected shape. A list will open where you will get an option of Group. Inside it, again click on Group and group all the shapes into a single shape.
Now, these shapes can move together as a single shape on the slide. Slide Shorter View is the best view to see the transition applied on all slides. Here, we have - Using Blank presentation - Use a new blank presentation slide to create a new presentation. From design template - You can use any design template of PowerPoint instead of the blank slide to create a new slide.
Using Existing presentation - You can use an old presentation and use its format to create a new presentation. You can edit, move, and resize a placeholder anywhere on the slide. Follow the below steps to embed an Excel chart to PowerPoint presentation: Open the presentation file and go to that slide where you insert an Excel chart.
Here, under the Text section, click on the Object. A popup window will show you where mark the Create from file radio Click on the browse to search the existing excel file on your device.
Select a file and click on the OK button to insert that excel file.
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